How Ruin Of Khedive Dynasty? The Beginning Of Modern Egypt
Today, we will discuss a end from Khedive Dynasty at Egypt after
Napoleon Campaign at Egypt. Before it, we was discuss about Napoleon expedition
at Egypt and established of Khedive Dynasty, for understanding how Napoleon invaded
Egypt and Khedive Dynasty established, you can read this article:
Napoleon
Invation To Egypt And Palestine: Rise Of New Dynasty At Egypt ( Part 1) -
ACITYA HISTORY
Today, we will discuss about ruin
from Khedive Dynasty. Khedive Dynasty,
ruled Egypt until 1952 AD. After ruled
at Egypt, Muhammad Ali, Founder from Khedive Dynasty, make plan for expansion.
At 1811 AD, Khedive Army attack Wahaby army at Saudi Arabia and Khedive Dynasty
also kill remnant of Mameluke Soldiers at Egypt, for minimalized
threatment. At 1820 AD, Khedive Army can
achieved East Sudan ( An-Nubah) and win the battle at this place. Muhammad Ali also tried to occupied Syria.
At 1827 AD, Ottoman Navy destroyed
by coalition from British, France, and Russia. Muhammad Ali use this chance to
attack Syria and occupied it. Ottoman
Empire threatened and Europen States moved to help Ottoman Empire faced
Muhammad Ali. After occupied Syria for 10 years, Muhammad Ali retreat to Egypt
because European States forced Muhammad Ali. At 1841 AD, happened covenant that
Egypt became territories from Muhammad Ali s descedant. Muhammad Ali replaced Khedive
Ismail ( ruled 1863-1879 AD). Khedive Ismail faced economy problem at Egypt
when his goverment. Egypt, faced big inflated and he has a role for open Canal Of Suez. Khedive Ismail, also wastefull ruler. According Historian Darsiti Soeratman, at era of Khedive Ismail,
Egypt s debt achieve 80.000.000
pount. Ismail replaced by his son, Khedive
Tewfik.
When era of Khedive Tewfik, Egypt
fall to France and England Colonialism. Broke
clash beetwen Egypt Arabian and European at Alexandria, Egypt, 50 or more European became victims. At 1882 AD, British Army bomb City Of
Alexandria from way of sea. At this era,
appear movement named Egypt Nasionalism that lead by Colonel Ahmad Arabi. At 1882 AD, all from British and French Army
retreat from Egypt after covenant at Istanbul, Capital City Of Ottoman
Caliphate. State Of Egypt still ruled by
Khedive Dynasty for several times ago.
When World War I, Egypt became Vassal From British Empire. British
Empire replaced Khedive Abbas Hilmi who support Ottoman Dynasty with Hussein
Kammi. Canal Of Suez, still occupied by Kingdom
Of England. After World War II, Kingdom
Of England still control Egypt. And, at
1954 AD, Kingdom Of England held covenant with Egypt Prime Minister, Gamal
Abdul Nasser to submit Canal Of Suez to Egypt Goverment.
At 1952 AD, broke revolution at
Egypt under Gamal Abdul Nasser because
Egypt s defeated at War Againt State Of Israel. This defeated, because
corruption at weapons. Last Egypt King,
Farouk fall from his throne and Gamal Abdul Nasser became first president of
Egypt. At 1953 AD, Egypt transformed from kingdom to republic and Gamal Abdul
Nasser became first president for Republic Of Egypt.
Refrences:
Hitti, Philip.K: History Of The
Arabs: Rujukan Induk dan Paling Otoritatif Tentang Sejarah Peradaban Islam, Penerbit
Serambi. 2006 M.
Soeratman, Darsiti: Sejarah
Afrika, Penerbit Ombak. 2016 M.
Isawati, M.A: Sejarah Timur
Tengah ( Sejarah Asia Barat) Jilid 1: Dari Peradaban Kuno Sampai Krisis Teluk
I, Penerbit Ombak, 2012 M.
Overton, Derek James: Some Aspects Of Induced Development In Egypt Under Muhammad Ali Pasha And Khedive Ismail, A Thesis Of University Of British Columbia, 1967 A
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