Abul Muhajir: Greek Warrior Who Became Umayyad Dynasty At North Africa.
Dont many knowed about this people. But, he is Umayyad Governor at North Africa who tried to practic soft Islamic Preaching at North Africa Territories that was conquered by Umayyad Dynasty, and his end story is so tragic. How this story became Umayyad Governor at North Africa? Please read this article until end and subscribe my blog for more information about Islamic History.
Abul Muhajir, knowed as Umayyad Governor who originated from slave. According Historian Hugh Kennedy, he originated from Greek. Not knowed full story from his figure childhood, but all started at 670 AD. Umayyad Caliph, Muawiya Ibn Abi Sufyan, appointed Uqba Ibn Nafi as governor at North Africa Territories that was conquered by Umayyad Dynasty. Uqba expand Umayyad Territories to Ifriqiyya ( Tunisia) and captured this territories from Byzantine Empire. According Abbasid Historian, Baladhuri, Uqba Ibn Nafi can occupied Ifriqiyya after attack this territories with 10.000 warriors and build City Of Kairouan at Tunisia. Uqba Ibn Nafi, attack Berber Tribes ( Native Of North Africa) from his basic, Kairouan. According Historian Hugh Kennedy, Uqba at his conquest doesnt has long plan . He only expand his territories at North Africa and he dont prioritzing preach to Berber People. Only doing military operation to Berber Tribes.
Uqba, also discriminative with Berber People, such as we see at next narration. According Muslim Historian, Yaqut, Uqba conquer Tunisia and forced his people that consist from Berber People with sword, to convert to Islam. At 675 AD, Uqba fired from his position.by Caliph Muawiya Ibn Abi Sufyan. He replaced by Abul Muhajir Ibn Dinar, one Greek Slave that became slave from Umayyad Governor at Egypt. Abul Muhajir Ibn Dinar, Abul Muhajir Ibn Dinar, has far view. He want pull Tribes Of Berber for join under Umayyad Dynasty Flag againt Byzantine Empire s Colonialism at North Africa. According Hugh Kennedy, Byzantine Empire when ruled North Africa, tortured North Africa Civilians who adherent of African Christian for convert to Byzantine Christian. Because this, Abul Muhajir prioritzing soft preach strategy for pull Berber Tribes to Islam and invited them united with Umayyad Dynasty againt Byzantine Empire.
Abul Muhajir tried to conquer Kusayla , King Of Berber Tribe from Tribe Of Awraba. After fight againt Abul Muhajir, Kusaila convert to Islam after hear preach from Abul Muhajir. According Historian Abdul Lathief, Abul Muhajir threat Kusayla with good threatment until Kusayla convert to Islam. Kusayla s tribe, Awraba follow their leader convert to Islam. Abul Muhajir and Kusayla moved to Tlemcen, Algeria and conquer this city from Byzantine Empire. Abul Muhajir, also build Mosque Of Sidi Ghanem when he ruled from 675-682 AD. According Archaeolog Sebati Mourad, this mosque is first mosque at Algeria. Abul Muhajir, build this mosque with collaboration beetwen Umayyad Arcitechture and Roman Architecture. He build this mosque above Byzantine Church that was collapsed. At this mosque, exist inscription “Blessing Muhammad ( Islamic Propeth, Propeth Muhammad Shallahu Alaihi Wasallam ). And, Abul Muhajir s preach to Berber really make Propeth Muhammad Shallahu Alaihi Wasallam s preach as inspiration. Propeth Muhammad Shallahu Alaihi Wasallam preach at Tayf, Saudi Arabia , full by patient. Propeth Muhammad Shallahu Alaihi Wasallam reject Angel Of Jibril s offer to punish Tayf s people because they throw him with rocks and hope People Of Tayf convert to Islam at future. Abul Muhajir s preach, that doing by patientship, can make many Berbers convert to Islam. Abul Muhajir practicing peace politic with Berber Tribes .
But, at 680 AD, Muawiya die and at 682 AD, Muawiya s son, Yazid replaced him. Yazid send Uqba back to North Africa and Uqba chain Abul Muhajir and bring Abul Muhajir to jail. He also captured Kusayla and threat Kusayla. Uqba next his expedition to Mountain Of Aures and Tahert, defeat Byzantine-Berber Coalition, and when his expedition, he kidnapped many Berber Ladies. Uqba sell them to slave market at Middle East. Kusaila, seeing this reality, vague from the jail and Kusayla , make alliance with Byzantine Empire to againt Uqba.
At 684 AD, Kusayla bring big army that consist from Berber and Byzantine Alliance for besieged Uqba and his small army at Tahudah. Battle broke and Uqba die at this battle, at his army, als exist Abul Muhajir. Uqba and Abul Muhajir killed at this battle. May Allah Subhanahuwataala bless them. Their bodies burried at Zab, Algeria.
Refrences:
Hitti, Philip.K.: History Of The Arabs: Rujukan Induk dan Paling Otoritatif Tentang Sejarah Peradaban Islam, Penerbit Serambi, 2006 M.
Syaikh Al-Baladzuri: Futuhul Buldan: Penaklukkan Negeri-negeri dari Fathu Makkah Sampai Negeri Sind, Pustaka Al-Kautsar, 2015 M.
Kennedy, Hugh: Penaklukkan Muslim Yang Mengubah Dunia, Penerbit Alvabet, 2019 M.
Tim Riset dan Studi Islam Mesir: Ensiklopedi Sejarah Islam, Pustaka Al-Kautsar, 2019 M.
Sebati, Mourad. "Respect for Islamic Religion towards Abrahamic Religions: Abu Muhajir Dinar Mosque and Saint Optatus of Mileve Churchas a Model-An Analytical Archaeological Study." مجلة الرسالة للدراسات والبØوث الإنسانية 9.3 (2024): 308-319.
Lathief, Abdul: Mengenal Abu Muhajir Dinar: Politisi Ulung Penakluk Aljazair, Bincang Syariah, accesed 6 December 2024, 09: 46 AM.
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