Pharaoh ( Firaun) In The Koran: History Analyzer.

Source: Orniw

In the Koran, of course, we often read verses about Propeth Musa Alaihissalam and his enemy, Firaun ( Pharaoh). This story explained by  Imam Ibn Kathir in his masterpiece, Al-Bidayah Wa an-Nihayah, he illustrated Pharaoh as arrogantly Ruler of Egypt, and in his end of life, Pharaoh die at Red Sea because sink in the sea, the problem, Ibn Kathir doesn’t interpreted, who s Pharaoh in the history and archaeologist proof for this character.

According DR.Nadiah Thayyarah s research, Pharaoh in the age of Propeth Musa Alaihissalam  is Memfanah/ Membanah, son from Ramses II, who cruel to Israeli and this force Israeli out from Egypt. DR.Nadiah Thayyarah identified is according research to Pharaoh mumy at Cairo Museum.

According Sami Al-Maghluts, Propeth Musa maybe live at 1527-1407 BC. DR.Quraish Shihab interpreted, title of Firaun for Egypt kings started after their defeat from King Hyksos, but are several opinion who Pharaoh in age of Propeth Musa.

First, according Jewish s notes, King Of Egypt who drive out Hyksos people from Egypt is King Ahmaso, several of historian  identifief Ahmaso as Pharaoh at age of Propeth Musa Alaihissalam.

Second, Historian Dedy Suardi identified Pharaoh in age of Propeth Musa as Thotmosis, but proofs from this theory is very weak. Because very little archaeologist proof.

Third, Historian Abdul Razak Al-Hafiz identified, Pharaoh is not one person but two person, Ramses II and his son, Memfanah/Marenptah. DR.Quraish Shihab identified, Pharaoh maybe two person, because Pharaoh is title for kings of Egypt. Pharaoh when Propeth Musa toddler interpreted as Ramses II an Pharaoh who discussed with Propeth Musa at QS.As-Shuara 18-19 maybe his son.

Pharaoh s mumy find by Archaeolog Loret at Wadi Al-Muluk, Egypt at 1896 AD,  Archaeolog Ely Smith at 1907 AD, research at Pharaoh s mumy, and  get conclusion, Pharaohs mumy is complete, precisely with QS.Yunus : 10 illustration about Pharaoh.

At 1975 AD, DR.Maurice Bucaille next a search for Pharaoh mumy, he find Pharaoh s mumy contained salt, that indicate Pharaoh sink at sea, as Koran description. DR.Maurice convert to Islam after know Koran s truth.

From this, the lessons that can we take, all history in the Koran not only folklore, but backed by archaeologist proof, this disprove orientalist s claim that Koran is not original. How doesn’t original if many Koran s story reinforced by archaeologist proof? It is paradox and controvertial claim.

Recommendation book/journal:

Thayyarah, DR.Nadiah: Buku Pintar Sains Dalam Al-Quran, Penerbit Zaman, 2013 M.

Katsir, Ibnu ( Imam): Al-Bidayah Wa An-Nihayah, Penerbit Insan Kamil, 2021 M.

Awaluddin, Raisa Zuhra Salsabilah: Mumi Firaun Dalam Al-Quran, Studi QS.Yunus (10):92 Perspektif Tafsir Al-Misbah, Jurnal Studi Quranika Vo.8.

Munir, Samsul: Mukjizat Al-Quran Tentang Arkeologi( Kajian Ayat-Ayat Arkeologi Dalam Persepektif Sains Modern),UNSIQ Wonosobo.