Hassan Ibn Numan Al-Ghassani: Conqueror Of Algeria.

 

Source: Pinterest.

Today, we will discuss about Hassan Ibn Numan Al-Ghassani, Conqueror Of Algeria  at Umayyad Dynasty Era. He is one Muslim Commander who conquer Territory Of Algeria and at this article, we will discuss about him and his campaign for conquer Algeria and Tunisia. Ok, please read this article until end for get complete information about this figure and please subscribe my blog for more information about Islamic History.

Hassan, originated from Clan Of Ghassanids. Ghassanids, according Historian Philip.K.Hitti, are Yemen Tribes that escaped from Yemen after disaster at  Dam Of Marib and ruin of Kingdom Of Saba, biggest kingdom at Yemen. They migrated to Syria and under their elder, Jafna, build kingdom with capital at Damascus, Syria. Family Of Ghassan Kingdom, convert to Christian. This biggest king is Al-Harith II Of Ghassanid ( ruled 529-569 AD). Al-Harith, make alliance with Byzantine Empire. Kingdom Of Ghassanid, ended at 7 TH Century, when Era of Muslim Conquest at Syria at Palestine when Muslim Confrontation againt Byzantine Empire.

Hassan, is one Ghassanid Clan s member. He became General at Umayyad Dynasty. Not many information about Hassan s childhood. But, at his time, he became Umayyad Important General. His title is Shaykh Amin ( Arabic: Trusted Oldman). 

Hassan, choosen to became Umayyad General who lead Umayyad Army to North Africa, and also Umayyad Governor at North Africa Territories that was conquered by Umayyad Dynasty,  or faced Byzantine Empire and Berber Tribes. At 698 AD, he moved to Chartage, that became stronghold from Byzantine-Berber Coalition. Hassan and his army can defeat Byzantine and Berber Army, and occupied City Of Chartage.

After this, Hassan moved to Algeria and he must faced Berber Tribes Coalition under their Queen, Kahina, who popular as wizard at this place. Kahina, is member from Berber Tribes Of Zanata.She is Chritian,  according Historian Hugh Kennedy, but other argument, such as Philip.K.Hitti s argument said Kahina is Jewess. Whatever it is, Kahina has big influence at Algeria.  She  can united Berber Tribes at Algeria for faced Hassan s army who came for conquer Algeria.  According Abbasid Historian, Baladhuri, Kahina is Berber Queen who also Woman Paranormal.  But, al-Baladhuri, dont mentioned complete narration about Kahina. Kahina, in Arabic meaning Woman Paranormal and until now, not known her original name. But, Kahina popular as cruel queen. She command Berber Leaders to destroy many garden and fortress and also fruitgarden at Algeria and Tunisia , because she doesnt want Arabian Army under Hassan entered her territories. Hassan, attack City Of Baghaya, one Kahina s military basic and battle broke until Hassan defeated and he and his army must stopped at Castle Of Barqa for ask Caliph s  reinforcements. 

But, Kahina s cruel make many Berber People dont received her leadership and many Berber People escape to Spain for escaped Kahina s cruel who destroy their land.  Many Berber People also join Umayyad Army  and at 698 AD, battle broke beetwen Hassan and Kahina. Battle broke at Gabis and  Tobna. Umayyad Army can defeated Kahina at Gabis, and chase Kahina to his base at Aures. Until, last battle broke at Tobna, Kahina die at this battle.  According Baladhuri, Hassan kill Kahina and many prisoner from Berber Tribes. 

Hassan , fired  from his position because problem at Umayyad Dynasty s Goverment. At 86 H, Hassan die at a battle againt Byzantine Army and he replaced by Musa Ibn Nusayr as Umayyad Governor At North Africa.

Refrences:

Hitti, Philip.K.: History Of The Arabs: Rujukan Induk dan Paling Otoritatif Tentang Sejarah Peradaban Islam, Penerbit Serambi, 2006 M.

Syaikh Al-Baladzuri: Futuhul Buldan: Penaklukkan Negeri-negeri dari Fathu Makkah Sampai Negeri Sind, Pustaka Al-Kautsar, 2015 M.

Kennedy, Hugh: Penaklukkan Muslim Yang Mengubah Dunia, Penerbit Alvabet, 2019 M.

Anonymous: Hassan bin Nu'man Komandan Pasukan yang Pertama Masuk Afrika - Chanelmuslim.com, accesed 4 December 2024, 09: 24 PM.