It Is Muslims Army Secret Weapons?Tracking Muslim Weapons At History.

 

Source: Sutori.

Today, we will discuss about Muslims Secret Weapons at Islamic History. What  secret Islamic Dynasties, such as Umayyad, Abbasid, and Ottoman Dynasty conquer many territories? What weapons that used by Islamic Dynasties from age to age? Ok, please read this article until end, because at this article, we will discuss about weapons that used by Muslims Dynasties from age to age. And, how Islamic Dynasties win the battle.

According Historian Hugh Kennedy, at early Islamic Era, such as Rashidun Caliphate Era, Muslims Army doesnt use heavy weapons for Muslim Warriors s Personal Weapons. Muslims, at  7 TH Century, at Rashidun Caliphate Era, usually only used  Arabian Swords, that  straight and wide.  They also use long spear for infantry ( Rumh) and short spear (Harba ) for cavalry. Many Muslims Army  are militias who doesnt has armor. Armor, according Historian Hugh Kennedy, according one Arabian  New at 704 AD, at Territories Of Khorasan under Umayyad Dynasty, only exist 350 armors for 50.000 warriors. And, also Muslims Army use mild bow at battle.

But, heavy weapons, such as Mangonel ( rock launchers) was used at Propeth Muhammad Shallahu Alaihi Wasallam s Era.  When Muslims Army fight againts One Jews Tribe at Khaybar who make alliance with Rasulullah Shallahu Alaihi Wasallam s enemy, Pagan Quraish, Propeth Muhammad Shallahu Alaihi Wasallam use mangonel for destroy Khaybar s fortress. This battle broke at 628 AD. When Conquest Of Persia, Rashidun Caliphate also use mangonels for destroy Enemies s fortress.  And, mangonels became prime weapons at Early Muslim Conquest ( 632-650 AD). Ibn Kathir, Muslim Historian write, at 16 H, when Rashiduns Army besieged City Of Bahurasir that under Empire Of Persia, Muslim Commander, Saad Ibn Abi Waqqash, used 20 unites mangonels. Mangonels, also used at Umayyad  Dynasty Era as main weapons at several conquest.  At 712 AD, Umayyad Commander, Qutayba Ibn Muslim use mangonels for conquer City Of Samarqand at Central Asia that ruled by Kingdom Of Soghdia.  At 710-712 AD, at Conquest Of Sindh ( Pakistan), Umayyad General, Muhammad Ibn Qasim also use mangonels for attack fortress-cities at Sindh. According Abbasid Historian, Baladhuri, Muhammad Ibn Qasim s mangonel named Al-Arus. Al-Arus, according Baladhuri, operated by 500  officers.

At Abbasid Era, exactly at Crusade, mangonels also became prime weapons. At 583 H/1187 AD, when besieged Jerusalem , Palestine that occupied by Crusaders, Saladin used mangonels for destroy Wall Of Jerusalem.

Fire weapons, for first time, according  Historian Tamim Ansary, used at Mameluke Dynasty Era. According Tamim Ansary, at Battle Of Ayn Jalut 1260 AD againt Mongols Army, Mameluke Army used handcannon , origin from  rifle.  At Ottoman Empire Era, Ottoman Empire used fire weapons for big scale. As example, at Conquest Of Constantinople 1453 AD,  Ottoman Empire under Sultan Mehmed II ( Muhammad Al-Fatih) used giant cannon that mentioned by Basilica that can firing granite s missile as weight 1.200 pounds. That must bring by 90 cows and 400 peoples.  And, at Indonesia, also exist story about cannon at Islamic Kingdoms. According  Francois Valentijn, 18 TH Century s VOC Employee who write about History Of Archipelago, at 1528 AD, Sultan Of Demak, Trenggana, give cannon to his son in law, Maulana Hasanuddin, First Sultan Of Banten when Maulana Hasanuddin married his daughter. This cannon called Ki Amuk and  displayed at  Kingdom Of Banten s Square.

It is short history about weapons at Islamic History. And, dont forget, please subscribe my blog for more information about Islamic History.

Refrences:

Ansary, Tamim: Dari Puncak Bagdad: Sejarah Dunia Versi Islam, Penerbit Serambi, 2016 M.

Imam Ibnu Katsir: Al-Bidayah Wa an-Nihayah, Penerbit Insan Kamil, 2020 M.

Hitti, Philip.K: History Of The Arabs: Rujukan Induk dan Paling Otoritatif Tentang Sejarah Peradaban Islam, Penerbit Serambi, 2006 M.

Syaikh Al-Baladzuri: Futuhul Buldan: Penaklukkan Negeri-negeri dari Fathu Makkah Sampai Negeri Sind, Pustaka Al-Kautsar, 2015 M.

Kennedy, Hugh: Penaklukkan Muslim Yang Mengubah Dunia, Penerbit Alvabet, 2019 M.

H, Edgar: Lost Islamic Victory: Menyingkap Sebab Kalah Mengulangi Kemenangan Bersejarah, Penerbit Gensa Berilmu, 2023 M.

Lings, Martin: Rasulullah Muhammad: Kisah Hidup Nabi Berdasarkan Sumber Klasik, Penerbit Serambi, 2012 M.

Guillot, Claude: Banten : Sejarah dan Peradaban Abad X-XVII, Penerbit Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia, 2011 M.

Swaen, Paulus: François Valentijn | Paulus Swaen, accesed 5 November 2024, 08: 55 PM.