Abu Abd Allah: Last Muslim King At Spain.
Today, we will discuss about last muslim
king at Spain. He is Abu Abd Allah, last king from Muslim Sultanate at Granada, South Spain,
that is last Muslim King at Spain and after his time, All Spain Territories
occupied by Christian Kingdom. Ok, please read this article until end because
we will discuss about one important figure at Last Islamic Age at Spain. And,
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At end of 15 TH Century, Granada, last
Muslim Kingdom at Spain, that located at South Iberia Peninsula, suffered
degradation and invasion from Christian
Kingdom Of Castille at North Spain. And, it is critical time at Islamic History. According Historian Philip.K.Hitti, at 13 TH
Century, all of Spain was fall to hand of Christian Kingdom, except for Kingdom
Of Granada. But, situation of Kingdom Of Granada suffered instability that help
Kingdom Of Castille conquer Kingdom Of Granada. Kingdom Of Castille, can
control Kingdom Of Granada with make it as vassal, that pay tax to Kingdom Of
Castille.
King Of Granada, Abu Al Hasan ( in Spanish
called Alboacen), who ruled from
1461-1485 AD, attack Kingdom Of Castille Territories and King Of Castille,
Ferdinand, replied it with captured Terriories Of Emessa ( not Homs/Emessa at
Syria) from Kingdom Of Granada.
At this time, appear Abu Abd Allah ( in
Spanish called Boabdil), a labil prince
from Granada. He is son from Abu Al-Hasan from his wife, Fathima/ Aisha
Al-Hurra. But Abu Al-Hasan doesnt love his son, he more love to his other
childrens from his Spanish-Christian concubine. Fathima provocated Abu Abd Allah to rebel againt his father and
at 1482 AD, Abu Abd Allah can occupied Throne Of Granada. At 1483 AD, Abu Abd
Allah attack one Castille City, Lucena and he defeated until captured by King Ferdinand. Abu Al-Hasan re captured Throne Of
Granada and ruled until 1485 AD. Ferdinand cheat Abu Abd Allah. He ask Abu Abd
Allah re captured throne from his father with
rewards several money. Abu Abd Allah attack Granada with help from
Ferdinand army and at 1486 AD, Abd Allah became King Of Granada. But, his uncle, Abd Allah Az-Zaghal, captured Throne Of Granada
and Az-Zaghal doing resistance to Castille Army. Army Of Castille, with cannon
weapons, attack Muslim s Fortress at Granada and Az-Zaghal , with his army defend their castles. Abu Abd Allah became betrayer and he lead his
army to attack Az-Zaghal army every Az-Zaghal went with his army to attack Army
Of Castille. Az-Zaghal tried to ask help
from several kings at North Africa ,and Muslim Kings at North Africa busy with
civil war. Az-Zaghal forced escape to
Tilmisan/Tlemcen, one city at Algeria and he became bum at Algeria. At 1490 AD,
Ferdinand ask Abu Abd Allah to submit Granada to Kingdom Of Castille.
Abu Abd Allah rejected it and he fight againt Kingdom Of Castille. Kingdom Of Granada
defeated because Army Of Castile besiged
City Of Granada under his civilian hunger.
At 1492 AD, Castilian Army entered City Of Granada.
Abu Abd Allah and his family forced leave Granada, and he cried
when he achieve Hill Of El Utimo Suspiro
Del Moro , near Of Granada, he seeing Castle Of Granada and cried. His mother
said: “You can cried like a woman because you cannot defend your kingdom like a
man. After Abu Abd Allah s leave
Granada, Kingdom Of Castille forced Muslim at Spain to convert to Christianity
with violence, included torturing. From this story, we can get lesson, incompetent leader, will bring his people to degradation
and bad situation. Because this, if we became leader, be a competent leader.
Refrences:
At-Turbani, Jihad: 100 Tokoh Islam Yang Mengubah Sejarah, Penerbit
Aqwam, 2016 M.
Hitti, Philip.K.: History Of The Arabs:
Rujukan Induk dan Paling Otoritatif Tentang Sejarah Peradaban Islam,
Penerbit Serambi, 2006 M.
Tim Riset dan Studi Islam Mesir: Ensiklopedi
Sejarah Islam, Pustaka Al-Kautsar, 2019 M.
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