Qutayba Ibn Muslim: Conqueror Of Central Asia.
Central Asia, is Territories that
became origin of many Islamic Scholars, such as Al-Bukhari. Now, we will
discuss, how Muslims conquer Central Asia and change it to became Islamic
Civilization Center. At this event, we know an hero named Qutayba Ibn Muslim,
who achieved boundaries of China, and conquer several City Of Central Asia.
Lets read this article until end, and subscribe my blog for more information
about Islamic History.
Qutayba Ibn Muslim, is Umayyad
Commander who sended by Umayyad Caliph to conquer Central Asia. Qutayba born at Iraq, at 692 AD, Qutayba , since young, is experienced knight,
until he appointed as commander for quell
rebellion at Iraq.
At 705 AD, he appointed by Abd Malik
Ibn Marwan, Umayyad Caliph to became commander for conquer Central Asia until
China. Central Asia, became most
dangerous location for Umayyad Dynasty at this era. Until Battle Of Khorasan 22
H, when Turkish Infidels from Central Asia helped Persian Empire attack Muslims
Territory, they continued became danger
for Islamic Boundaries Territories.
At 706 AD, Qutayba conquer City Of
Paikand ( Bikanda) , 60 KM West Bukhara, At 707 AD, Qutayba attack Kingdom Of Soghdia, that became prime
ally for Empire Of Persia, when Empire Of Persia still stand and attack Muslims
Position.
Beetwen 707-709 AD, Qutayba tried
conquer City Of Bukhara. Kingdom Of Soghdia prepared army that consist from
Turkish and Farghana Army. Qutayba succeded conquer Bukhara after fierce
battle. Qutayba also conquer City Of Mervrud and Fortress Of Shuman.
At 711 AD, Muslim Warriors moved to
south, and they faced Zunbil, Ruled Of
Sistan, but Zunbil held peace treatment with Muslims Army. At 712 AD, Qutayba attack City Of Samarkand,
that became Central From Kingdom Of Soghdia. Muslims Army attack Fortress Of
Samarkand, and Soghdian Army tried protect their fortress, but they lose, and
Muslims Warrior entered City Of Samarkand.
Qutayba established mosque at
Samarkand. He destroy several idols at
Samarkand,included several statues that worshipped at Zoroastrianism Religion. It
is forbid at Islamic Religion, because at the Koran, Allah Subhanahuwataala forbid
Muslim to hurt Non Muslims, and destroy Non Muslim s pray place, such as at
QS.Al-Baqara: 114:
وَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّن مَّنَعَ مَسَاجِدَ
اللَّهِ أَن يُذْكَرَ فِيهَا اسْمُهُ وَسَعَىٰ فِي خَرَابِهَا أُولَٰئِكَ مَا
كَانَ لَهُمْ أَن يَدْخُلُوهَا إِلَّا خَائِفِينَ لَهُمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا خِزْيٌ
وَلَهُمْ فِي الْآخِرَةِ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ
“Who does more wrong than those who prevent Allah’s Name from being
mentioned in His places of worship and strive to destroy them? Such people have
no right to enter these places except with fear.1 For them is disgrace in this
world, and they will suffer a tremendous punishment in the Hereafter.
Several Quran Interpreter such as Shaykh
Muhammad Abduh and Shayikh Rashid Ridha , interpreted word Masaajid at this verse, not only mosque for Muslims,
but also prayer place for Non Muslims. Whatever their interpretation, at QS.Al-Anam
108, Allah forbid harrased other religion.
وَلَا تَسُبُّوا الَّذِيْنَ يَدْعُوْنَ مِنْ
دُوْنِ اللّٰهِ فَيَسُبُّوا اللّٰهَ عَدْوًاۢ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍۗ كَذٰلِكَ زَيَّنَّا
لِكُلِّ اُمَّةٍ عَمَلَهُمْۖ ثُمَّ اِلٰى رَبِّهِمْ مَّرْجِعُهُمْ فَيُنَبِّئُهُمْ
بِمَا كَانُوْا يَعْمَلُوْنَ وَاَقْسَمُوْا بِاللّٰهِ جَهْدَ اَيْمَانِهِمْ
لَىِٕنْ جَاۤءَتْهُمْ اٰيَةٌ لَّيُؤْمِنُنَّ بِهَاۗ قُلْ اِنَّمَا الْاٰيٰتُ
عِنْدَ اللّٰهِ وَمَا يُشْعِرُكُمْ اَنَّهَآ اِذَا جَاۤءَتْ لَا يُؤْمِنُوْنَ
وَنُقَلِّبُ اَفْـِٕدَتَهُمْ وَاَبْصَارَهُمْ كَمَا لَمْ يُؤْمِنُوْا بِهٖٓ
اَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ وَّنَذَرُهُمْ فِيْ طُغْيَانِهِمْ يَعْمَهُوْنَ ࣖ ۔
“O believers!˺ Do not insult what they invoke besides Allah or
they will insult Allah spitefully out of ignorance. This is how We have made
each people’s deeds appealing to them. Then to their Lord is their return, and
He will inform them of what they used to do.
At 96 H, Qutayba conquer Kashgar, and he want moved to China,
because Several Chinese Army join with Soghdian Army to defended Qutayba at
Bukhara. Happened peace treatment beetwen Qutayba and Emperor Of China.
At 715 AD, Qutayba die because political conflict beetwen Muslims
at Central Asia. At this time, Qutayba became Governor Of Central Asia, and he
killed by rebels . Rebels under Waki At-Tamimi attack him and all of Qutayba s
family die at hands of rebels.
From this history, we can studied , we dont may became tyranny for Non-Muslims, because Allah
will reply tyranny, although from
Muslims. And, we studied, history dont moved by perfect people. History so that
moved by unperfect peoples who have dream to change world better. We dont must
agree to their method, because they also human, that at several time do a
mistake, but a wish man is who can
studied from his elder s mistake, and make history as study for future.
Refrence:
Surah Al-Baqarah - 114 -
Quran.com, accesed 26 May 2024 , 09: 25 PM.
Surah Al-An'am - 108 -
Quran.com , accesed 26 May 2024. 09: 25 PM.
Kennedy, Hugh: Penaklukkan Muslim Yang Mengubah Dunia, Penerbit
Alvabet, 2019 M.
Tim Riset dan Studi Islam Mesir: Ensiklopedi Sejarah Islam, Pustaka
Al-Kautsar, 2019 M.
Katsir, Ibnu: Perjalanan Hidup Empat Khalifah Rasul Yang Agung, Penerbit
Darul Haq, 2012 M.
Basya, DR.Abdurrahman Rafat: Para Tabiin,Penerbit Darul Haq,
2016 M.
Qutaibah
Bin Muslim (Sang Penakhluk Negeri China) (igtv90.blogspot.com), accesed 26
May 2024, 09: 23 PM.
Larangan
Merusak Rumah Ibadah Non-Muslim dalam Islam (nu.or.id), accesed 26 May
2024, 09: 24 PM.
Tafsir
Al An'am Ayat 108: Islam Tegas Larang Menghina Agama Lain, Ini Hikmahnya |
Republika Online, accesed 26 May 2024, 09: 24 PM,
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