Searching Islamic History At Italy.

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History Of Islam doesnt only story about Arabic Peninsula. At the middle age, Islam ever achieved Italy Peninsula. It is happened at Aghlabid Dynasty Era. But, we dont ifrequently hear it. Why Islam entered Italy Peninsula? Lets discuss it. But before read this article, please subscribe my blog for more Islamic History containt.

At 827 AD, Ziyadatullah I, Third Caliphate Of Aghlabid Dynasty send 10.000 army and 700 horses under Commander Asad Ibn Furat for conquest Island Of Siciliy at Italy. Muslim Army landed at Masara, but the plagues kill many Muslim Soldie, included Commander Asd Ibn Furat.

Sicilya is one from Italy s island that exist under Byzantine s reign. This island is important fortress for Byzantine soldier, from this island, Byzantine Navy attack North Africa s coastal that ruled by Aghlabid Dynasty. Ziyadatullah try to stopped Byzantine s raid to North Africa, with send army under Asad Ibn Furat, at 827 M, Asad bring 10.000 infantry and 700 cavalry. They faced Byzantine Army under Balata that numbered 150.000 soldier, Muslim Soldier fight againt Byzantine Army and Balata resigned from the battle. He run to Calabria and killed here.Asad and his army besieged City Of Palermo and burn Byzantine Navy. At 213 H, Asad die because plague that spread to Muslim Army.

After die of Asad Ibn Furat, the conquest next by Commander Abu Fihr, Abu Fihr next Islamic Comquest at Sicily. Muslim Army next their expedition to Terrain Of Italy, Muslim Army can achieve Gate Of Venice and at 846 AD, Islamic Navy landed at Ostia, Sicily became New Islamic Basic. Early time, Sicily ruled by Aghlabid Dynasty. But, at 999 AD, Aghlabid Dynasty fall because Fathimid s Dynasty s raid. Sicily fall to Fathimid Dynasty, but at 912 AD, Sicilian Muslim can take their indepence under their ruler, Ahmad Ibn Qurhub. Dynasty that founded by Ahmad Ibn Qurhub named Kalbid Dynasty. Under Kalbid Dynasty,  many landmark built at Palermo, Capital Of Sicily. An Geographer, Ibn Hawqal, report: at Palermo exist 300 mosques and 300  Islamic Teacher that according resident in here, is very pious man.  At 1060 AD, Sicily conqured by Normandy, because civil war beetwen Kalbid Dynasty. But, Islamic knowledge was exist at Sicily, according Historian Philip.K.Hitti, the King Of Normandy, Price Roger I very respect to Muslim Scholars.

Price Roger I  friendly with Al-Idrisi, Islamic Scholar, Al-Idrisi is Islamic Geographer who die at 1166 AD, Al-Idrisi made  a miniature of the sky and map of world for Prince Roger I.  Roger I s sucessor, Frederick II ( ruled 1215-1250 AD) held good relation with Ayyubid Dynasty. In this time, Ayyubid Dynasty ruled by Saladin s  cousin, Al Kamil Muhammad ( ruled 1218-1238 AD). Al-Kamil give him a give, the giraffe.

From other Ayyubid Sultan, Ashraf Of Damascus , Frederick received a good planetarium and he send a give white bear to Damascus. Frederick and Al-Kamil often discussed about mathematic and philosophy.

Refrences:
Hitti, Philip.K: History Of The Arabs, Penerbit Serambi, 2006 M.

As-Shallabi, DR.Ali Muhammad: Sejarah Daulah Umawiyah Dan Abbasiyah, Penerbit Ummul Qura, 2021 M.